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A hypothesis to explain the palpatory experience and therapeutic claims in the practice of osteopathy in the cranial field
Hamm, D. [1]

Journal: International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine Date: 2011/12, 14(4):Pages: 149-165. doi: Subito , type of study: article

Full text    (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1746068911000848)

Keywords:

osteopathy in the cranial field [7]
cranio-sacral osteopathy [158]
cranial rhythmic impulse [25]
Traube-Hering-Mayer oscillations [1]
piezoelectricity [1]
collagen [7]
thixotropy [2]
extracellular matrix [10]
balanced membranous tension [2]
balanced fluid interchange [1]
compression of the fourth ventricle [1]
CV4 [11]
article [2076]

Abstract:

A hypothesis is proposed which suggests biomechanical changes affect physiological mechanisms that may explain the therapeutic effects and tissue changes palpated by practitioners of osteopathy in the cranial field (OCF). It is suggested that the subtle application of manual compression between a practitioner’s hands may cause a net negative charge in the collagen matrix resulting in a change of state from a gel to a sol. This is attributed to biochemical changes and the thixotropic properties of collagen. It is also hypothesized that ionic movement results in an electrochemical gradient which causes changes in the cellular/plasma membrane permeability. Altered cation (hydrogen and calcium ions) distribution, present in the extracellular fluid, results in 1) an electrochemical gradient which causes changes in the cellular/plasma membrane permeability and 2) the stimulation of a local vasomotive response. It is postulated that the stimulation of a local vasomotive response within the extracellular matrix (ECM) is perceived by the practitioner of OCF as feeling a change in the quality of the “primary respiratory mechanism” (PRM)aaPRM: Primary respiratory mechanism. There are five proposed components to the PRM which involve the entire body as a unit of physiological function. The rhythmic motion is often referred to as primary respiratory motion or Involuntary Motion (IM) rather than just the CRI and involves the whole body.88 and the “cranial rhythmic impulse” (CRI).bbCRI refers to “the motion present in the cranial sutures and a rhythmic impulse within the cranium, distinct from any previously known pulsation, as it relates to a basic physiological complex considered to be responsible for many of the essentials of homoeostasis.”.88 Restoring a normal electrochemical/ionic gradient across the cellular/plasma membrane, equilibrium is reached and it is hypothesized that this is the point of balanced fluid interchange (BFI), a point practitioners of OCF refer to as a “still point”. Other physiological mechanisms and their implications are discussed to 1) explain other palpatory findings felt during the therapeutic response and 2) to explain the reported changes in the quality of the PRM/CRI, made by OCF practitioners, after a still pointccStill point: The term refers to the brief cessation of the PRM/CRI during the treatment procedure.88 has been reached.

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