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Effects of Osteopathic Cranial Manipulation on Biogenic Amine Levels, Heart Rate, and Blood Pressure in Adult Humans

Journal: The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association Date: 2011/08, 111(8):Pages: 488-489. doi: Subito , type of study: clinical trial

Full text    (https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.7556/jaoa.2011.111.8.487/html)

Keywords:

blood pressure [38]
clinical trial [627]
cranio-sacral osteopathy [184]
CV4 technique [14]
heart rate [73]

Abstract:

Cranial manipulation had been known to affect the function of the autonomic nervous system. It has been proposed that these effects are mediated be cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) movement and intracranial pressure. Studies suggest possible alteration of CSF flow by compressing the third ventricle, constituting a CSF pump. Indeed, previous data suggest that cranial manipulation may have a sedating or relaxing effect, most likely by decreasing sympathetic tone. In the current study, we expected to see a change in levels of biogenic amines, dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E) and Serotonin (5-HT) measured with HPLC, and consequent blood pressure and heart rate decrease in response to cranial manipulation. We also expected to see suppression in sympathetic function with decreased levels of NE and E as well as increased 5-HT levels and a change in the mood in individuals after the CV4 technique. Metabolites of 5-HT (5-HIAA), those of NE and E (VMA and DHMA), and those of DA (DOPAC, HVA, 3-MT) were also tested. Results suggest that the CV4 technique may actually lower the pulse rate by about 10%. It also appears that the CV4 technique increases average NE level by about 25%. No statistically significant changes in blood, pulse rate, respiration rate, NE concentration, or E concentration were noted. In addition, there was a trend for lower blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate after the CV4 technique and after the sham technique. However, these differences were not statistically significant. These findings suggest that cranial manipulation, whether the CV4 or sham therapy may affect blood pressure, respiratory rate, and heart rate. Results also showed that levels of E were decreased after CV4 but increased after sham. The opposite was observed with NE levels, suggesting that the effects of cranial manipulation on biogenic amine levels are dependent on the type of cranial manipulation used. The alteration of E levels in response to the CV4 technique indicates that cranial manipulation may affect the mood, particularly anxiety states. It appears, however, that cranial manipulation did not affect the levels of the other biogenic amines tested. Since the present data were obtained over a relatively short period after the procedure, more studies are needed on the long-term effects of the CV4 technique, including the assessment of mood before and after cranial manipulation.


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