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Osteopathic Survey of Somatic Dysfunction and Zink Compensatory Patterns in Sololá, Guatemala

Journal: The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association Date: 2010/01, 110(1):Pages: 25. doi: Subito , type of study: cross sectional study

Full text    (https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.7556/jaoa.2010.110.1.24/html)

Keywords:

compensatory patterns [1]
cross sectional study [866]
fascia [301]
Guatemala [2]

Abstract:

Background: There is a paucity of research done in developing countries on J. Gordon Zink, DO's model of compensatory patterns of fascial restriction and ease. The Compensatory Pattern is assessed in a supine patient by noting ease of rotation at the following four junctions: craniocervical, cervicothoracic, thoracolumbar, and lumbosacral. The Common Compensatory Pattern has been Left/Right/Left/Right (LRLR). Is the “common” compensatory pattern truly common to all humans or is it an artifact of the lifestyle in industrialized countries? In Sololá, Guatemala, the pre-existing cultural category for a group of healers known as sobadores (bone-setters) made Solalá an ideal place for this study, where osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) was culturally well received by the community. Objective: To survey Zink Compensatory Patterns among the Maya men and women in Sololá, Guatemala. Materials and Methods: Patients were screened for musculoskeletal and visceral problems and referred to the OMM clinic by the physician at a local primary care clinic. Forty patients (30 female, 10 male) participated in the study. Verbal and/or written consent was obtained from all participants. Translation was provided as needed. Four TUCOM students, who had completed their first year of osteopathic medical education and had received additional training in Zink screening by faculty, performed an osteopathic structural exam using standard OMM tables. Results were noted on a Zink Fascial Screening Exam form developed by John C. Glover, DO, FAAO. Results: Zink fascial screening data demonstrated a wide range of fascial strain patterns. Of our 40 patients, 26% had an LRLR compensatory pattern (the “common” pattern seen in prior research) and 6% had a RLRL compensatory pattern. Furthermore, 69% of all patients showed right rotational fascial preference at the cervicothoracic junction, 46% of whom had a left rotated compensatory pattern at their occipitoatlantal and thoracolumbar junctions. Conclusion: The Common Compensatory Pattern of LRLR was the most consistently noted pattern among the Maya in Sololá, Guatemala. The wide variation noted in Zink patterns may actually represent the population studied, or be an artifact related to small n and intra-examiner reliability. Documentation of examiner reliability during the study, as well as prior to, should be included in future research. This study has been approved in its entirety by the TUCOM IRB Committee.


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