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Study Size Variation Based on Specialty and Intervention Type

Journal: The AAO Journal Date: 2023/06, 33(2):Pages: 17. doi: Subito , type of study: systematic review

Full text    (https://meridian.allenpress.com/aaoj/article/33/2/10/493538/LBORC-NUFA-Poster-Abstracts-2023-Residents)

Keywords:

evidence-based medicine [96]
research [318]
study size [1]
systematic review [297]

Abstract:

Background: The field of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT), a procedure-based intervention, is challenged by modern demands for evidence-based research. Literature review yields criticisms of inadequate study size and lack of long term follow up in OMT studies. To address this, we hypothesize that medication-based interventions and observational cohort studies have larger study sizes compared with prospective, procedure-based interventions typical of OMT studies. Methods: This is an IRB exempt feasibility study of original research published in medical journals from varying specialties. The full study will review articles published between January 2015 through December 2020 within 25 medical/surgical specialties, and will compare OMT studies to procedure and medication-based studies. For this feasibility study, The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery and Annals of Surgery were reviewed between January 2015-December 2015 and January 2015-October 2015 respectively. Intervention, study type, duration, earliest outcome assessment, and final outcomes assessment were analyzed. Results: A total of 274 articles were reviewed in both journals. The average prospective study size for medication and procedure studies were 140 (n=11); 122 (n=30) respectively. 22% of published articles were prospective. Average study size per type are as follows: prospective (188); Retrospective (880); META (3765); Observational/Cohort (100,616). Discussion: Review of the preliminary data supports our hypothesis. In surgical journals, the average size for prospective study was 188 compared to 100,616 for cohort study, an over 500-fold difference. Limitations of the study involve human error during article review and limited access to full text articles. Despite these limitations, this data supports smaller prospective OMT studies. Further investigation will compare OMT and procedure/ medication medication-based studies over 5 years. The ultimate aim is to dispute criticisms and support the reputation of Osteopathic treatment modalities.


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