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International Overview of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment in Infants with Nonsynostotic Plagiocephaly: A Scoping Review to Aid in the Inclusion of OMT into the Current Evidence-Based Treatment Guidelines

Journal: The AAO Journal Date: 2023/06, 33(2):Pages: 31. doi: Subito , type of study: scoping review

Full text    (https://meridian.allenpress.com/aaoj/article/33/2/20/493544/LBORC-NUFA-Poster-Abstracts-2023-Students)

Keywords:

evidence-based medicine [96]
infants [143]
OMT [2951]
osteopathic manipulative treatment [2973]
pediatrics [375]
plagiocephaly [41]
scoping review [27]

Abstract:

Introduction/Background: Nonsynostotic Plagiocephaly (NSP) affects 20-50% of infants by six months old. Pathogenesis varies but current evidence-based treatment guidelines from the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS), published in 2016, recommend conservative treatment and observation for mild to moderate NSP. There are currently no evidence-based guidelines recommending osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) for NSP. Objective: Focused literature review of OMT in NSP examining the inclusion of OMT into the treatment guidelines for mild to moderate NSP. Methods: MeSH headings/keywords relevant to the objective of this review were queried using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and EBSCOhost. The risk of bias was assessed using the Downs and Black Scale and Cochrane Collaboration tool. Abstracts were reviewed, and studies meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for evaluation. Results: A total of 1242 records were identified, duplicates were removed, and abstracts were screened. Seventy-two articles were assessed for eligibility. Fourteen articles met the inclusion criteria, including four prospective randomized controlled trials (RTCs), one prospective multicenter observational study, six prospective comparative studies, two retrospective observational case-control studies, and one outcome research study. In these studies OMT improved cranial asymmetries diagnosed in the early stages, with no reported adverse reactions. Discussion: Two recent RTCs directly compared OMT with other treatment modalities for NSP; however, earlier studies were more subjective toward OMT. Other limitations include the varying description of OMT, resulting in synonymous terms excluded from the search. Conclusion: Recent publications provide substantial clinical evidence supporting the addition of OMT to treat mild to moderate NSP in infants <8 months old. Additional prospective clinical trials with larger sample sizes are warranted to examine the inclusion of OMT as a treatment option for NSP.


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