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Cognitive bias in back pain patients attending osteopathy: testing the enmeshment model in reference to future thinking

Journal: European Journal of Pain Date: 2004/12, 8(6):Pages: 525-31. doi: Subito , type of study: controlled clinical trial

Full text    (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1016/j.ejpain.2003.12.002)

Keywords:

depression [48]
back pain [493]
chronic pain [204]
osteopathic manipulative treatment [2973]
OMT [2951]
psychological tests [3]
controlled clinical trial [283]

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Depressive symptoms are common in chronic pain. Previous research has found differences in information-processing biases in depressed pain patients and depressed people without pain. The schema enmeshment model of pain (SEMP) has been proposed to explain chronic pain patients' information-processing biases. Negative future thinking is common in depression but has not been explored in relation to chronic pain and information-processing models. OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to test the SEMP with reference to future thinking. METHODS: An information-processing paradigm compared endorsement and recall bias between depressed and non-depressed chronic low back pain patients and control participants. Twenty-five depressed and 35 non-depressed chronic low back pain patients and 25 control participants (student osteopaths) were recruited from an osteopathy practice. Participants were asked to endorse positive and negative ill-health, depression-related, and neutral (control) adjectives, encoded in reference to either current or future time-frame. Incidental recall of the adjectives was then tested. RESULTS: While the expected hypothesis of a recall bias by depressed pain patients towards ill-health stimuli in the current condition was confirmed, the recall bias was not present in the future condition. Additionally, patterns of endorsement and recall bias differed. DISCUSSION: Results extend understanding of future thinking in chronic pain within the context of the SEMP.


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