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Utilizing Osteopathic Manipulative Techniques to Mitigate Fall Risk Among Hospitalized Elderly Patients: A Literature Review

Journal: The AAO Journal Date: 2022/06, 32(2):Pages: 25. doi: Subito , type of study: systematic review

Free full text   (https://meridian.allenpress.com/aaoj/article/32/2/15/482674/LBORC-NUFA-Poster-Abstracts-2022-Students)

Keywords:

dizziness [33]
falls [5]
elderly [21]
OMT [2951]
osteopathic manipulative treatment [2973]
systematic review [297]

Abstract:

Introduction/Background: Falls rank as the second highest cause of unintentional death worldwide, with individuals over 60 being the most affected. Consequently, fall risks in hospitalized elderly patients are a concern. Dizziness, vertigo, and postural imbalance can lead to falls, and osteopathic medical students are taught how to use osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) to help alleviate these conditions. Therefore, osteopathic medical students can utilize OMT as part of a complete treatment plan during clinical rotations to help mitigate the risk of injury from falling. Objective: This literature review identified OMT that demonstrated effectiveness at reducing dizziness in elderly patients. Methods: A review of the medical literature database PubMed was conducted. The search included only articles published since 2010 that used the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) Scale and Sway Area (SA) to measure the effectiveness of OMT. These articles encompassed randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized controlled trials, and case reports. Results: Eight research studies met our inclusion criteria. A total of 113 participants were treated for balance disorders with osteopathic techniques. Sixty-six participants were evaluated with the DHI; the remaining 47 were evaluated by SA. Each of the eight studies showed statistically significant improvement following treatment with OMT. Discussion/Conclusion: OMT can improve both dizziness and sway. Osteopathic medical students and residents can use OMT in hospitalized elderly patients to help mitigate the risk of injury associated with falls.


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