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Exploring Attitudes Towards Osteopathic Medicine in First and Second Year Osteopathic Medical Students Following Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine

Journal: Journal of Osteopathic Medicine Date: 2024/12, 124(12):Pages: A50-A51. doi: Subito , type of study: cross sectional study

Full text    (https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/jom-2024-2000/html)

Keywords:

attitude [165]
cross sectional study [863]
medical students [659]
OMT [3779]
osteopathic manipulative treatment [3799]
osteopathic medicine [2055]
USA [1707]

Abstract:

Context: Osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) and osteopathic principles and practices (OPP) are what distinguish osteopathic physicians from their allopathic colleagues, yet the practice of OMT is still declining in clinical practice [1]. It is important for osteopathic medical schools to foster an environment that encourages the usage of OMT during medical school and into clinical practice. It is well studied that increased exposure to OMT (e.g. OMM clinical rotation) is associated with greater comfort and confidence with using OMM and the intention to use OMM in the future [2–7]. There is inconclusive evidence for the support whether receiving OMT translates to more positive attitudes towards osteopathic medicine or increased usage of OMM in the future [2,8–10]. In this study, we delve deeper by analyzing the attitudes towards osteopathic medicine in DO students following OMT treatment, along with exploring the relationship between attitudes towards osteopathic medicine and utilization of osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM). Objective: To explore attitudes towards osteopathic medicine in first- and second-year OMS after receiving OMT. To examine the relationship between attitudes towards osteopathic medicine and confidence relating to utilization of OMM. Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted with 41 first- and second-year osteopathic medical students (63% first-year students, 54% 20-24 years old, 56% female, 83% White). Participants were recruited from Lincoln Memorial University OMM Scholar Clinics between October 2023 to May 2024. All new patients to the clinic were eligible to participate in the study. Participants were evaluated and treated with OMT by one of six pre-doctoral OPP scholars under supervision of OPP faculty physician. Prior to OMM clinic, participants provided survey responses for demographics/background information, their level of confidence in their utilization of OMM (range: 0-10), and completed a pre-Attitudes Towards Osteopathic Medicine Survey (ATOMS) (range: 13-91) [11]. Following OMM clinic, participants completed a post-ATOMS. SPSS 29 was used to conduct a paired t-test to assess change in ATOMS following the OMM clinic, and a correlation analysis to examine the association between baseline ATOMS and confidence in their utilization of OMM. Results: 16 participants completed both pre- and post-ATOMS (39% response rate). Exploratory analyses revealed no statistically significant improvements in attitudes towards osteopathic medicine following treatment in the OMM scholar clinic (75.94 ± 5.9 to 76.94 ± 7.00, p=0.38). 40 participants completed pre-ATOMS and assessed their confidence in utilization of OMM (98% response rate). Attitudes towards osteopathic medicine was significantly associated with confidence in recommending OMM as pain management option (r=0.35, p=0.03), using OMM in lab (r=0.34, p=0.03), and using OMM in future practice (r=0.33, p=0.04). Participants experiencing more positive attitudes towards osteopathic medicine reported higher confidence levels in utilization of OMM. Conclusion: The results of this study support the literature that more positive attitudes towards osteopathic medicine is associated with increased confidence surrounding the utilization of OMM [8,9]. Study findings suggest that positive attitudes towards osteopathic medicine may be potentially important for the future practice of OMM. Although the present study is underpowered, it presents a way that osteopathic medical schools can expose students to the clinical practice of OMT to improve positive perceptions of OMM. It is imperative for osteopathic medical schools to continue to explore further avenues to increase attitudes towards osteopathic medicine. One limitation is our lack of response in the post-survey. To address this, we plan to modify the IRB protocol to allow for a reminder follow-up email. Future directions also include recruiting a larger and more diverse sample, adding a one-month follow-up for assessing confidence levels in utilization of OMM and ATOMS, and exploring how positive and negative affect may impact study outcomes.


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