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The Neuroendocrine-Immune Complex Illustrated in the Work of Dr. Frank Chapman

Journal: The AAO Journal Date: 2004/03, 14(1):Pages: 33-40, type of study: article

Free full text   (https://www.academyofosteopathy.org/aaoj)

Keywords:

article [2076]
Chapman&rsquo [2]
s reflexes [1]
neuroendocrine-immune complex [1]
OMT [2951]
osteopathic manipulative treatment [2973]
pelvicthyroid-adrenal syndrome [1]
pelvic-thyroid cycle [1]

Abstract:

Chapman’s reflexes represent a classic modality of treatment in osteopathic medicine. First developed by its namesake, a comprehensive work delineating the author’s work was furthered by his wife, Dr. Ada Hinckley Chapman, her brother, Dr. Charles Owens and Dr. W.F. Link as outlined in An Endocrine Interpretation of Chapman’s Reflexes (AEICR) in 1937. Implicit in the title, this work includes the “pelvic-thyroid cycle”1 , which later evolved into the “pelvicthyroid-adrenal syndrome” (PTAS) and greatly influenced the work of Drs. Beryl Arbuckle2, William Gardner Sutherland3 , Harold Magoun Sr.4 , Fred Mitchell, Sr. and Jr.5 , and Robert Fulford. Numerous references will be cited to the endocrine, lymphatic, autonomic and musculoskeletal systems in Chapman’s work. The relationship of the tripartite theory of the pelvic-thyroid-adrenal cycle and the neuroendocrine immune complex (NEIC) will be discussed. The NEIC may be defined as a “bi-directional communication and serves to tie the neuroendocrine and immune systems into one, very complex, multifunctional network for defense of the homeostatic processes”6 . An example of a bi-directional mechanism is the stress of illness illustrated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) in the hypothalamus activates adrenal corticotropin releasing hormone (ACTH) in the anterior pituitary, which in turns stimulates the release of cortisol from the adrenal cortex. Cortisol inhibits the release of ACTH from the anterior pituitary. Another demonstration of the bi-directional nature of the NEIC is the production of ACTH and CRF from immunocytes, which both stimulate the adrenal gland and also downregulate the immune response.7 The principles of the NEIC may support the scientific basis of Chapman’s reflexes. The work of Dr. Chapman utilizes the concept of homeostatic mechanisms by uniting physiologic reflexes with one of the most important and accessible organs for the osteopathic physician, the musculoskeletal system.


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